Geology

The Krkonoše Mountains are a very old mountain range, the foundations of which date back to the Proterozoic. They have undergone several mountain-forming processes to form a very complex geological structure. They have witnessed most of the major geological events that have taken place in this part of Europe from the Old World to the present day.

The oldest rocks in the Krkonoše Mountains are metamorphosed rocks from the younger Oldowan period - crystalline schists (swarls, orthorls, green schists, crystalline limestones, amphibolites and quartzites). The most abundant are the mica-schists and orthogneisses. The rocks from the Proterozoic are sedimentary rocks - sandstones, siltstones, various shales and limestones and altered rocks - phyllites, crystalline limestones to dolomites, hornfels and green shales. At the end of the Proterozoic eon, hot magma penetrated from the interior of the earth into the crystalline shales and formed the body of Krkonoše granite. The granite massif makes up most of the Jizera Mountains, most of Poland and about a fifth of the Czech Krkonoše Mountains.

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